Depending how accurately you need to know the voltage, that might be a problem - you'd have to calculate the resolution available and work out what resolution you needed to know whether this was viable. The higher the voltage you needed to measure the more you'd need to divide it down and the less resolution you'd have in the resulting reading. The second approach is to connect the junction between each pair of cells to an analog input using a voltage divider to convert the expected voltage range (relative to the Arduino ground) down to a 0. The standard Arduino driver only supports reading from one port at a time, but I understand the AltSoftSerial library avoids that restriction. Given the large number of cells to be monitored it probably isn't practical to use a hardware UART for each cell but you could use a software serial driver. If it is carrying a serial data stream, you'd need to read and decode that on the receiving side. If the HIGH/Low signal just indicates the threshold state, you could read that directly. Hence the Arduino would see the same high/low signal that is being output from each cell. The digital signal from each cell would be connected to the digital input of an Arduino via an optocoupler. It might be a simple high/low indicating whether the voltage is above/below a threshold, or it might be a serial data stream containing a voltage measurement encoded in some way, for example produced by a small standalone Arduino connected to each cell. The first way uses some device connected to each cell which produces a digital signal indicating the voltage of that cell. I think there are basically two ways to approach this.
ARDUINO BATTERY MONITORING SYSTEM HOW TO
They are simple to use, and if you look at the data sheet for the one you have in mind it will probably include an example circuit diagram showing how to connect it. An optocoupler is just a way to pass a digital signal between two circuits that are not connected electrically.
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